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Value (in billions—yes, with a “b”— of U.S. dollars) of beverage alcohol sold by Costco, one of the largest retailers of wine, beer, and spirits in the world. Wine makes up roughly half of those sales, according to Market Watch. Costco has more than 750 stores globally and 94 million shopper-members who pay an annual fee starting at $60. The beverage division is headed by Costco’s Assistant VP Annette Alvarez-Peters.

In winemaking, concrete eggs are:

A. Used to minimize harsh tannin as in young red wines since concrete tends to absorb tannin molecules

B. Used as fermentation vessels and well-liked in certain circumstances since concrete does not contribute an oaky flavor and holds temperatures well

C. Used to contribute a wet rock flavor to wine which adds to the wine’s complexity

D. Used in the making of sweet wines because the thick concrete walls guard against oxidation during long fermentations

Concrete tanks have been popular in Europe for decades. Today, concrete is also made into large “eggs” used by many top estates worldwide for fermentation. Because concrete is slow to warm up and once warm, slow to cool, it holds fermentation temperatures well. Concrete, like oak, is slightly porous allowing minute amounts of oxygen to reach the wine and help it to evolve—all without the oak flavor that a new barrel would impart. And finally, the egg shape of a concrete egg fosters a natural rolling action during fermentation which helps the fermentation proceed evenly.

“Nobody is growing as fast as Oregon.”

—Danny Brager, Senior VP, Nielsen, commenting on recent data revealing that Oregon wine sales increased 17% last year, compared to 3% for California and 2.8% for the U.S. as a whole.

4.4

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