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Percentage of alcohol consumed that is excreted through sweat. Researchers at Penn State have been able to calculate a person’s level of intoxication using ankle bracelet technology. The device records alcohol concentration from imperceptible amounts of sweat on the skin. Alcohol levels in sweat are directly related to a person’s blood alcohol level and could help detect when someone has had too much to drink.

Carbonic maceration is primarily used for the production of fruity red wines.

Answer: True.

Carbonic maceration can lead to very juicy, fruity wines with almost candied flavors—a wine drinker’s flashback to bubble gum and strawberry Kool-Aid. The carbonic process involves whole clusters of grapes being loaded into a vat which is then sealed, and CO2 gas is pumped in, replacing any oxygen. All of the grapes in the tank begin to ferment from the inside (intercellular fermentation) in the anaerobic environment. Under this tremendous pressure, they burst open, releasing their juices. At this point, yeasts take over and finish the job.

Spiritual Science

While biodynamic methods have been used by farmers for centuries, the term biodynamics came into use as of the 1920s and was based on the teachings of the Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner and his student Maria Thun.… Continue reading

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