Graft

To splice together two different parts of a vine, usually a rootstock and a scion (the variety grafted on top). Often the two parts belong to different species. Grafting may be done in a greenhouse (called bench grafting), or in the vineyard itself (field grafting).  Without the ability to graft, many of the vineyards of the world would have long ago succumbed to the grapevine disease phylloxera.